Electric-arc lamp.



PATENTED AUG. 4, 1903.-

0. SENEZ. ELECTRIC ARC LAMP.

APPLICATION FILED AUG. 9, 1901.

3 SHEETS-:SHEET 1.

F0 MODEL No. 735,161. PATENTED AUG. 4, 1963..

C. SENEZ.

ELECTRIC ARC LAMP.

APPLICATION FILED AUG. 9, 1901.

K0 MODEL. 3 SHEETS-SHEET 2- No. 735,161. PATENTED AUG. 4, 1903. o. SENBZ.

ELECTRIC ARC LAMP.

APPLICATION FILED AUG. 9. 1901.

H0 MODEL. 3 SHEETS-SBEET 3- over a chain-wheel d, carrying a toothed UNITED STATES Patented August 4, 1903.

PATENT OFFICE.

CHARLES SENEZ, OF PARIS, FRANCE, ASSIGNOR TO STE INDUSTRIELLE DES TELEPHONES, (CONSTRUOTIONS ELEOTRIQUES CAOUTOHOUC CABLES,) OF

PARIS, FRANCE.

E ECTRIC-Ase .L-AM P.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Lettersglatent No. 735,161, dated August 4, 1903.

Application filed August 9 To rtZZ whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, CHARLES SENEZ, mechanician-electrician, a citizen of the Republic of France, residing in Paris, France, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Difierential Arc-Lamps, of which the fol lowing is a specification.

This invention relates to a differential arclamp, the object of which is to insure the follo wing results: first, normal working and regulation of three lamps in series under a total difierence of potential of one hundred and ten volts; second, absence of special precautions in inserting the carbons; third, almost instantaneous illumination of the lamps without oscillation or pumping, even when the carbons are new and cold; fourth, abolition of extinction owing to eventual sticking of the carbons; fifth, abolition of springs, contacts, and accessories which are the common cause of irregularity in such lamps; sixth, easy manipulation, extreme elasticity in the electromechanical working, and a strength. allowing the lamp to be submitted to sudden variations in the voltage in the main without risk of extinction; seventh, the intensity of the current at the moment of illumination not to exceed the normal intensity of working save by a small fraction.

This arc-lamp is of the type which is said to be differentially regulated-that is to say, the type in which the mechanism which keeps the arc of a constant length is controlled by the combined and differential action' of two electromagnets, the one in series with the luminous are on the main current and the other in shunt between the terminals of the lamp.

The accompanying drawings illustrate a lamp constructed in accordance with this invention.

Figure 1 is aright-hand side elevation of the lamp; Fig. 2, a front elevation and Fig.

3, a left-hand side elevation, the casing being in section in each figure.

The approach of the carbons to each other is determined by the weight of the upper-carbon carrier a. The two carbon-carriers a and b are united by a chain c, which passes Serial No. 71,467. (No model.)

wheelc, which through pinion f turns the disk g. On this disk acts a brake h, pivoted at z to the frame j, which carries the mechanism. The ratio of these various wheels to each other issuch that the brake virtually rubs against a disk having twenty-eight times the diameter of the chain-wheel. Such a powerful brake as this only allows the carbons to approach at an almost inappreciable rate. The wheels d, e, f, and g and the brake hare carried in a frame j, which oscillates on the axis is of a guide-pulley for the chain c. It is also suspended by a rod Z from a rocking beam 2', of which the end nearer the point of suspension of this rod carries an iron core m, suspended in a solenoid n in shunt with the arc. The other extremity of the beam z carries a second core 0, sus pended in a second solenoid p, which is in series with the arc. The brake h is carried by a lever q, centered at t' in the frame j. This lever also carries a supplementary counterweight r, pivoted at 3. Normally this weight rests on the abutment t and serves to stop the brake-lever by means of the adjustable stop u, carried by the latter. By means of this arrangement every variation of current or of the difference of potential between the end of the arc causes the beam to oscillate, and in consequence of the frame j applying the brake to or disengagingit from the diskan alteration of the distance between the carbons ensues. In fact, when the difference of potential passes a certain value the beam under the preponderating action of the shunt-solenoid causes the frame to descend and the stop at rests upon 1", thereby taking off the brake. The carbons then approach each other until the difference of potential has diminished sufficiently for the frame to ascend under the action of the series solenoid, which now preponderates, and to apply the brake again.

The frame is not suspended in a fixed manner from the beam, but by means of two pins c as, the one of which is near the axis of the oscillation of the beam 2 and comes into play whenthe oscillations of the point are slight. The other is farther from the axis of oscillation of the beam and is arranged to raise the frame more rapidly, and thus to apply the brake when the oscillations are considerable.

One ofthe peculiarities of the invention consists in the arrangement of the oscillating beam .2 about its center a and which carries the pins 1; and x. The first pin, 1), is nearest to the axis ofoscillation a of the beam and is engaged in an elongated slot 1). The second, 00, farther away from the axis a, is engagedin a notch c in the head d of the rod Z, which controls the movement of the frame of the mechanism, and consequently the regulation of the lamp.

In Fig. 2 the beam ,2 is shown horizontal, in which position each of the pins 1; 00 touches the upper wall of its recess 6 or c in the head d of the rod Z. When the action of the series solenoid. p is strongest, the beam inclines downward at that side and the two pins 0 and x are engaged; but it is only the pin :1? which acts on the head d of the rod Z in such a way as to lift it, and consequently to apply the brake, at the same time lifting the frame, and consequently the guide-pulley 0, thus producing the greatest separation of the carbons. The pin 1) rests meantime in the recess 12 without acting on the head 01, since it rises less quickly than 00. If we suppose a movement of the beam in the opposite direction, the pin 00 carries the weight of the rod, frame, and mechanism until it arrives at the middle position shown in the drawings. At this point, the movement being supposed to continue, the pin 1; takes up the weight, since by reason of its longer lever-arm the pin 00 operates more quickly and detaches itself from engagement with the head of the rod. The vertical movement of the rod will then be slowed, which will produce a greater sensitiveness as long as the solenoid n preponderates. The action of the solenoids is thus made very powerful, and as a result the sensitiveness of regulation is very great for small electrical variations. For greater electrical variations there is also instantaneouslya considerable separation of the carbons, notably at the moment of illumination. I prefer to provide also, Figs. 1 and 2, arheostat,which is shown as a column f, mounted on the base andbeing formed of a resistance-wire coiled around an insulating-core and provided with an indicator, such as the slide g, one of the extremities of the resistance-wire being connected with the circuit which enters the heavy wire solenoid p and the slide g being connected with the circuit as it passes out of the solenoid 1), whereby a shunt is formed around said solenoid which can be varied at will at the time of regulating the lamp before putting it into service.

To avoid oscillation at the moment of illumination, dash-pots are provided with valves which only close in the direction of the separation of the carbons, remaining open during their approach-that is to say, during regulationwhich they thus allow freely. The upper carbon is held by a spring 10 and the lower-carbon carrier 1) by a screw, so that insertion of the carbons is extremely easy.

Having thus described the nature of this invention and the best means I know of carrying the same into practical effect, Iclaim- 1. In a mechanism for regulating an arc lamp, the combination of a mechanism-carrying frame, a rocking beam, means for suspending the frame to said rocking beam at two points of suspension unequally distant from the axis thereof whereby to provide a variable lever-arm to allow of sensible variation under normal conditions and rapid separation of the carbons at the moment pf illumination.

2. The combination with a regulator mechanism includinga shunt-solenoid and a series solenoid, of a rheostat in derivation with the series solenoid, and an indicator displace-able at will, and means controlled by said indicator for varying the resistance of said rheostat so as to regulate in advance the intensity of the current which shall pass through said series solenoid during the normal operation of the lamp.

In witness whereof I have hereunto signed my name in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

CHARLES SENEZ.

Witnesses:

JULEs ARMENGAUD, J eune, MARCEL ARMENGAUD, J eune. 

